diff --git a/src/netsleuth/__init__.py b/src/netsleuth/__init__.py
index 3dc1f76..84e8b38 100644
--- a/src/netsleuth/__init__.py
+++ b/src/netsleuth/__init__.py
@@ -1 +1,86 @@
+"""Netsleuth - Cross-platform CLI for deep network diagnostics.
+
+Provides ISP/VPN/ASN identity, latency, path and bandwidth analysis
+with comprehensive reporting in multiple formats.
+"""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import logging
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
 __version__ = "0.1.0"
+
+# Configure structured logging with JSON formatter when available
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def setup_logging(
+    level: int = logging.INFO,
+    log_file: Path | None = None,
+    json_format: bool = False,
+) -> None:
+    """Configure structured logging for netsleuth.
+
+    Args:
+        level: Logging level (default: INFO)
+        log_file: Optional file path for log output
+        json_format: If True, use JSON formatting for structured logs
+    """
+    handlers: list[logging.Handler] = []
+
+    # Console handler with rich formatting
+    console_handler = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)
+    console_handler.setLevel(level)
+
+    if json_format:
+        try:
+            from pythonjsonlogger import jsonlogger
+
+            json_formatter = jsonlogger.JsonFormatter(
+                fmt="%(asctime)s %(name)s %(levelname)s %(message)s %(filename)s %(lineno)d",
+                datefmt="%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z",
+            )
+            console_handler.setFormatter(json_formatter)
+        except ImportError:
+            # Fallback to basic format if python-json-logger not installed
+            formatter = logging.Formatter(
+                "%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s"
+            )
+            console_handler.setFormatter(formatter)
+    else:
+        formatter = logging.Formatter(
+            "%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s"
+        )
+        console_handler.setFormatter(formatter)
+
+    handlers.append(console_handler)
+
+    # File handler if requested
+    if log_file:
+        log_file.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        file_handler = logging.FileHandler(log_file, encoding="utf-8")
+        file_handler.setLevel(level)
+        if json_format:
+            try:
+                from pythonjsonlogger import jsonlogger
+
+                json_formatter = jsonlogger.JsonFormatter(
+                    fmt="%(asctime)s %(name)s %(levelname)s %(message)s %(filename)s %(lineno)d",
+                    datefmt="%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S%z",
+                )
+                file_handler.setFormatter(json_formatter)
+            except ImportError:
+                formatter = logging.Formatter(
+                    "%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s"
+                )
+                file_handler.setFormatter(formatter)
+        else:
+            formatter = logging.Formatter(
+                "%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s"
+            )
+            file_handler.setFormatter(formatter)
+        handlers.append(file_handler)
+
+    logging.basicConfig(level=level, handlers=handlers, force=True)
+    logger.debug("Logging configured: level=%s, file=%s, json=%s", level, log_file, json_format)